黃明堂案與清末民初中葡政治關係的走向──以引渡交涉問題為中心

After the Second Revolution, Yuan Shih-Kai intensified the crackdown on the Revolutionary Political Party camp, which triggered a series of bargaining on extradition between the Northern Warlords and the overseas regime. The arrest of the revolutionary party member Huang Mingtang and the Sino-Portuguese negotiations focusing on whether or not to extradite to Guangdong for trial was a very interesting political event in the early years of the Republic of China and in the history of Macau. It is of typical research value in the history of the Sino-Portuguese relationship and the relation between Guangdong and Macau in modern times. Previous studies are found to have many errors and ambiguities as limited by the lack of literature. Based on the newly discovered archives, this paper synthesizes all the existing historical materials, clears the vagueness and errors of the previous conclusions, and further examines the origin and evolution of the case. At the same time, the paper helps us have a deeper understanding of Macau’s political trend in the Late Qing and early Republic of China, Macau Chinese political culture as well as the relationship among Macau, Northern Warlords and the Revolutionary Political Party camp.