從競合博弈到功能性合作⸺澳門與橫琴區域一體化整合的歷史脈絡與理論邏輯

澳門與橫琴一體化整合是一個複雜的多層次︑多方面變化和調整的進程，由多種共同作用合力推動。在橫琴、澳門這兩個粵港澳大灣區具有典型代表意義的兩種制度、不同關稅區的城市與地區中，新功能主義理論中“擴溢效益”的強大生命力在粵澳深度合作區的利益融合、制度統合及空間擴展中起到了明顯的作用。從橫琴與澳門區域整合歷史發展路徑看來，由於“一國兩制”下粵澳政府不同的政治、經濟及社會體制，雙方的行政方式與治理機制存在差異，以及“行政區經濟”導致的地方間政府競爭等因素，前期的珠澳融合一度存在競合博弈的藩籬。然而，經歷了經濟功能性部門一體化擴溢到政治功能性一體化之後，《橫琴粵澳深度合作區建設總體方案》的落地標誌着澳門與橫琴走向了深度融合的政治功能一體化，政治功能一體化將雙反向擴溢到經濟功能性部門及促進地理性擴溢，最終的目的是實現橫琴粵澳深度合作區的經濟、政治、地理三個層次的高效一體化。因此，本文從歷史實踐、理論分析和經驗探討三個層次構建邏輯框架，以粵澳深度合作區中珠海、橫琴、澳門的合作實踐為案例，來探尋新功能主義視閾下澳門與橫琴區域合作邏輯︒

The issue of the General Plan for Building a Guangdong-Macao In-Depth Cooperation Zone in Hengqin marks the integration between Guangdong and Macao has entered a new stage, with important changes in connotation, path and depth. Integrating the Guangdong-Macao In-Depth Cooperation Zone means complex, multi-level and multi-faceted adjustments driven by a variety of synergies. Hengqin and Macao represent two typical systems with different customs territories in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. In the process of their integration, the strong spillover benefits of social factors and functional groups play a significant role in the integration of interests and systems as well as spatial expansion. Such spillover benefits have been proved by the historical development of the Guangdong-Macao In-Depth Cooperation Zone to a certain extent. This paper builds a logical framework consisting of historical practice, theoretical analysis and empirical discussion. It interprets the kinetic energy and integrated development path of the cooperation zone based on neo-functionalism, with the cooperation practice of Hengqin and Macao as an example.