從澳門到北京的內河航線圖──歐洲所繪粵道地圖譜系考釋（1655—1815）

This paper sorts out and interprets the genealogy of the maps from Macao to Beijing made by European countries that entered China through the Canton River between 1655 and 1815. It outlines the historical background of the relevant maps made by Europeans from the 17^th to 19^th centuries, and points out that how to travel from Macao and Guangzhou to Beijing, the political center of China, to achieve their diplomatic purposes undere the Tribute System was the main reason western mapmakers drew the maps. The author introduces the cartographical contents of the map “Caerte van rivier van Canton…, bij Macouw in de groote zee uijt loft” by the VOC cartographer Joan Vinckeboons as one of the most representative works in these map genealogies. He also divides and analyzes the main genealogies of the maps as Nieuhof, Macartney, van Braam, Amherst and Jesuits. This paper attempts to use the old maps as primary sources to restore the appearance of the inland river route from Macao to Beijing via the Zhu-Jiang River water system, Chang-Jiang River water system and the Grand Canal in the Qing Dynasty, and to explore the important role and value of Macao and this route in history.