澳門高等教育和經濟增長的互動性研究

經濟增長理論和人力資本理論都顯示，經濟增長和教育發展之間存在互相促進的關係。澳門回歸祖國以來，經濟和高等教育都得到快速發展。本文對二者之間的關係進行實證研究，Granger 因果檢驗發現澳門經濟增長是高等教育發展的原因，而高等教育發展並不是經濟增長的原因。一方面，澳門經濟的迅速發展、公共財政的大幅增加以及家庭收入的增長為高等教育發展提供了有力支持，而另一方面，由於博彩業“一業獨大”的產業結構、學生的學習動機不足，以及高等教育規模總體較小等原因，高等教育未能發揮其促進經濟增長的作用︒

Both economic growth theory and human capital theory show that economic growth and educational development are positively related to each other. Since Macao’s return to China, both its economy and higher education have developed rapidly. This paper conducts an empirical study on the relationship between these two variables, and it is found that economic growth is the Granger cause of higher education development while higher educational development is not the Granger cause of economic growth. On the one hand, the rapid economic development of Macao, the substantial increase in public finance, and the increase in income of the residents have indeed provided strong support for the development of higher education. On the other hand, the “gaming industry dominant” industrial structure, insufficient motivation of students and the overall small size of higher education, higher education has not been able to fulfill its role in promoting economic growth.