百年以來澳門的師範教育

This paper intends to explore the development of teacher education in Macao in the 20th century through reference to original archives and dated newspapers. During the late Qing period, there were some attempts to reform teaching in Macao. A teachers’ training school appeared in Macao in the 1920s, though details are unknown. However, applications submitted for the provision of teachers’ training programs in the late 1920s and early 1930s were found in government archives. Around 1940, some high schools that also offered teachers’ training programs in Guangdong were relocated to Macao due to the war of resistance against Japan. Formal teacher education emerged. During the 1950s and 1970s, simplified teachers’ training programs or programs for training early childhood teachers were offered by the local Colégio de S. José and two Anglican-affiliated schools, in addition to those offered by a local school and other schools relocated from the Mainland at around 1949. All but that of the Colégio de S. José faded out over the course of history. In the 1960s there was a government-run teachers’ training school. This school taught in Portuguese and had very few students. It was suspended for a number of years, re-opened and eventually dissolved in 1990. In summary, the highlights of teacher education in the 20th century in Macao are: the teachers’ training program at the Colégio de S. José, which began in the 1950s; the professional education program for in-service teachers of the South China Normal University, which was initiated by the Chinese Educators Association of Macau in the early 1980s; and the bachelor degree programs in education of the University of Macau, which was launched progressively in the 1990s.