論鄭觀應水利思想的主要內涵和時代特徵

In the second half of the 19th century, with the intensifed agricultural crisis and frequent foods and droughts in the late Qing dynasty, it became one of the major social issues to develop modern water conservancy facilities. As an important witness and participant in the development of modern thoughts on water conservancy, Zheng Guanying wrote a series of articles on water conservancy in Writings on the Brink of Crisis (Jiu Shi Jie Yao), Ideas on Reform (Yi Yan) and Words of Warning in Times of Prosperity (Sheng Shi Wei Yan) successively, to explain and analyze the gist of and channels for the development of modern water conservancy. These articles mainly focus on issues such as the introduction of European and American advanced technology, the learning of modern scientifc ideas and the reform of the bureaucracy, and advocate that European and American advanced science and technology should be introduced on the premise of carrying forward traditional thoughts on water conservancy, to realize the integration of traditional wisdom and modern science; the gist of developing modern water conservancy is to keep pursuing self-improvement and accumulating wealth; adjusting measures to local conditions is the key to developing modern water conservancy; promoting institutional reform is a channel for developing modern water conservancy.