標題
Title
成敗與興衰:傳教士調停咸同“回亂”與黔西南“布依族歸化運動”
Success and Failure: the Missionaries’ Mediation in the “Hui People Riot” and the “Mouvement de Conversions” of the Buyi People in the Southwest of Guizhou
作者
Author
曾志輝
ZENG Zhihui
摘要
Abstract
晚清咸同年間,傳教士胡傅理和任國柱受布依族教徒所請,徵得交戰雙方同意,先後 擔任貴州督撫與回民起事將領之間的調停人,沿着黔滇驛道,南下前往戰事陣地黔西南的安順府 和興義府,執行招安納降和巡視教務的雙重使命。調停事件之所以成行,既是布依族“拜主”的動機,又是布依族“拜主”的結果,這促使“布依族歸化運動”達到最鼎盛時期。然而,因主客觀因素所限,這次調停注定失敗,又使得這批數量龐大的布依族拜主者,不久即紛紛背棄天主教,宣告這場“布依族歸化運動”最終停止。傳教士調停任務的成功與失敗,直接影響着“布依族歸化運動”的出現與停止。這段來去匆匆的短暫地方史事,既可看作“回耶對話”的另類個案,亦可突顯出天主教在黔西南山區傳播的“布依族化”特質。

During the reign of Xianfeng and Tongzhi, Louis-Simon Faurie and Vielmon Léonard successively served as the mediator between the local government and the leadership of the Hui People Riot following the invitation of the Buyi Catholics and the agreement of the warring sides. They arrived at the Anshun and Xingyi Prefecture along the post road of Guizhou and Yunnan, offering amnesty for rebels and inspecting the affairs of the church. The Buyi People’s worship was the motive as well as the result of the mediation which eventually led to the heyday of the “Mouvement de Conversions” of the Buyi People. However, the mediation’s inevitable failure, due to some objective and subjective factors, caused a large number of Buyi converts to abandon their faith, ending the “Mouvement de Conversions”. As a special case of “dialogue between Catholicism and the Muslim culture”, this short local history highlights the spread of Catholicism in the mountainous Southwest of Guizhou , and deserves further research.

關鍵詞
Keywords
黔西南,“布依族歸化運動”,咸同“回亂”,傳教士,調停人
Southwest of Guizhou, “Mouvement de Conversions” of Buyi people, the Hui people riot during reign of Xianfeng and Tongzhi, Missionary, Mediator
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