澳門中老年人到珠海養老的意願及影響因素研究

This study employs the Push and Pull Motivation Theory to investigate the factors influencing the willingness of middle-aged and older people in Macao to pursue cross-border retirement in Zhuhai. Data were collected from Macao residents aged 45 and older through online questionnaires and face-to-face interviews conducted between August and September 2023. These methods assessed participants’ perceptions of Macao’s age-friendliness, and their life satisfaction, familiarity with Zhuhai, and willingness to retire to Zhuhai. In addition, from December 2023 to January 2024, focus group interviews were conducted to gather information on the living conditions of participants living in Macao and those who have already retired in Zhuhai, as well as their motivations for cross-border retirement. Out of the 543 respondents, 23 (4.2%) expressed a definite intention to retire outside Macao, and 148 (27.3%) indicated a potential intention, with 60 (35.1% of the 171 with definite or potential intentions) identifying Zhuhai as their preferred retirement destination. The findings show that high-quality housing and a favourable living environment are the primary pull factors for cross-border retirement among this demographic. Notably, individuals with permanent residency or property ownership in Zhuhai show a strong inclination to retire in the city. This analysis also suggests that younger middle-aged adults and those holding Zhuhai residence permits are more likely to consider retiring in other Greater Bay Area cities, while a notable proportion remain undecided. Concerns about health deterioration and declining self-care capabilities are significant barriers to cross-border retirement among middle-aged and older adults.