澳門婦女養老問題及政策建議

隨着社會老齡化進程加快，澳門人口老化及衍生之養老問題使社會面臨重大挑戰。由於男女生理不同，女性平均壽命較男性高，社會人口結構逐漸呈現“老齡”、“高齡人口女性化”等特徵，婦女養老問題在未來將更為突出，值得社會作出更多關注。本文從婦女養老性別需求差異角度出發，結合相關理論和實際情況進行分析，並作出政策建議，認為政府在構建養老體系時，應考慮女性的弱勢和特殊性，從決策上促進資源按需分配，改善澳門婦女長者生活質量。

With the acceleration of population aging, the aging results in fact pose a great challenge in Macao. As women and men have differences in physiology, and the average life expectancy of women is higher than that of men, social population structures gradually show the characteristics of “aging and feminization in elderly”. The issue of women’s pensions will become more prominent in the future, which deserves more attention from the society. From the perspective of gender differences in women’s pension needs, this paper analyzes the relevant theories and the actual situation, and makes policy recommendations that the government should consider women’s disadvantages and special health needs when formulating pension system, promoting the allocation of resources according to needs from the decision-making, and improving the quality of life of elderly women in Macao.